Point Clouds
Brendan Harmon
Point Clouds
Sets of x, y, and z coordinates
Point Cloud Data Structure
| X | Y | Z | R | G | B |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -1.38539982 | -2.95930004 | -8.80980003 | 53 | 41 | 45 |
| -1.08609962 | -2.85930014 | -8.68869996 | 74 | 45 | 40 |
| -1.30480003 | -2.65850019 | -8.70860004 | 16 | 8 | 7 |
| -0.80039978 | -2.58699989 | -8.75689995 | 161 | 133 | 126 |
| -0.82590008 | -2.53049994 | -8.19280005 | 151 | 137 | 136 |
| -0.35680008 | -2.37580013 | -8.59280002 | 18 | 17 | 18 |
| -0.35239983 | -2.40630007 | -8.21350002 | 123 | 62 | 48 |
| -0.69639969 | -2.26340008 | -8.67620003 | 26 | 24 | 22 |
| -0.70779991 | -2.26650000 | -8.07910001 | 49 | 57 | 69 |
| -0.20359993 | -2.04750013 | -8.65110004 | 42 | 41 | 49 |
| 0.29399967 | -1.95119953 | -8.60870004 | 53 | 65 | 91 |
| 0.37310028 | -1.43799973 | -8.64540005 | 122 | 89 | 76 |
| -0.21290016 | -2.03420019 | -8.16050005 | 19 | 13 | 11 |
| 0.31190014 | -1.92490005 | -8.18309999 | 89 | 50 | 37 |
Laser Scanning
Drone Photogrammetry
Point Cloud Rendering
Allée
Applications
- Map sites
- Document cultural heritage
- Study landscape dynamics
- Creatively model designs
Documenting Cultural Landscapes
Gotthard Landscape
Digital Modeling
Decomposing Röntgenplatz
- Software: Cinema 4D with Krakatoa plug-in
Cloudism
Designers adopting cloudism will step into an overwhelmingly convincing simulacra of physical reality, space and time; this will enhance their understanding of site, and yield a stronger awareness of ambient aspects and cues.
Medium
- Point Clouds: Algorithmically mediated, indexical encodings of space and color at a moment in time
Semiotics
- Iconic: Look like what they represent
- Indexical: Physically and causally connected to what they represent
- Symbolic: Encoded as data and rendered as signs given meaning by convention
Characteristics
- Algorithmic: Transcribed from photons into bits
- Hyperreal: Displaces reality with authoritative data
- Contingent Indices: Depend on what captured
- Contingent Symbols: Depend on digital processing
- Interactive: Not just an image, but rather data
- Abstract: Pointillist in its incompleteness
Rosedown Plantation
Rosedown Plantation
LSU Landscape Architecture
Drone Photogrammetry
- Drone: DJI Matrice 600 Pro
- Sensor: Zenmuse X5
- RTK GNSS: Emlid Reach RS+
- Photogrammetry: Agisoft Metashape
- Point Cloud Processing: CloudCompare
- Visualization: Potree
Laser Scanning
- Scanner: Faro Focus 3D X330 HDR
- Tripod: Seco giant elevating tripod
- Point Cloud Registration: Faro Scene
- Point Cloud Processing: CloudCompare
- Visualization: Potree
Scans
| Method | Feature | Scans | Resolution | Points |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Matrice | Landscape | 1 | 2cm | 360,445,708 |
| Faro Focus | Interior | 94 | 1/16 | 771,951,841 |
| Dining Room | 7 | 1/4 | 268,464,534 | |
| Façade | 27 | 1/8 | 55,847,608 | |
| Rockery | 26 | 1/8 | 47,414,057 | |
| Milk House | 12 | 1/8 | 58,657,059 | |
| Both | Gazebo | 1 + 6 | 1/8 | 41,176,644 |
| Allée | 1 + 130 | 1/8 | > 1 billion |
Allée
Rockery
Dining Room
Slave Staircase
Interpretative Analysis
Documentary
- Evocative
- Complexity
- Temporality
- Spatial narratives
- Emotional narratives
Hilltop Arboretum
Hilltop Arboretum
LSU Landscape Architecture
Meadow
Drone Time Series
Technology
- Drone: FireFLY 6 Pro
- Sensor: Micasense Rededge Multispectral Sensor
- Photogrammetry: Agisoft Metashape
- Geospatial Analysis: QGIS & GRASS
- Programming: Python
- Visualization: Potree
Fieldwork
- Ground control points
- Soil cores
- Biomass quadrats
Biomass
$$ B = \frac{V \rho_s + V \rho_r}{x y} $$
- $B$ = biomass density $(kg / m^{2})$
- $V$ = volume $(m^3)$
- $\rho_s$ = shoot bulk density $(kg / m^{3})$
- $\rho_r$ = root bulk density $(kg / m^{3})$
- $x$ = east-west resolution $(m)$
- $y$ = north-south resolution $(m)$
Carbon
$$ C = B C_f x y $$
- $C$ = carbon $(kg C)$
- $B$ = biomass density $(kg / m^{2})$
- $Cf$ = carbon fraction $(C$%$)$
- $x$ = east-west resolution $(m)$
- $y$ = north-south resolution $(m)$
Spatiotemporal Phenomena
- Landscape structure
- Photosynthetic activity
- Growth and decay of biomass
- Carbon cycling
Landscape Structure
- Indexicality and iconicity of photography
- Analytic quality of architectural drawings
- Depth and interactivity of 3-dimensional models
- Unique level of detail
Data Science
- Quantitative data as scatterplot
January
June
August
Peak Biomass
Peak Carbon
Plots
Robotics